n X-ray γ Ray α Particles and β The luminescence produced by luminescent substances excited by high-energy particles such as particles is called X-ray and high-energy particle luminescence. The energy absorption of X-rays and high-energy particles by luminescent substances includes three processes: the deceleration of charged particles, the absorption of high-energy photons and the formation of electron positron pairs. X-ray and γ A ray is a stream of uncharged particles, also known as a stream of high-energy photons. Generally speaking, X photons mainly produce photoelectric effect; More energy than x-photons γ Photons, all three effects occur. These effects will produce a large number of secondary electrons, which will further excite or ionize luminescent substances to produce luminescence.

α Particles and β When high-energy particles such as particles are incident on luminescent substances, lattice atoms will ionize and produce many ionized electrons with great kinetic energy. These ionized electrons can continue to excite or ionize other atoms to produce secondary electrons. This is the energy absorption process of luminescent substances excited by high-energy charged particles. When these excited or ionized states return to the equilibrium state, luminescence is generated.